Power BI Dashboards | MinAI Learning

🎯 Mục tiêu bài học

TB5 min

Sau bài học này, bạn sẽ:

✅ Build multi-page reports với navigation

✅ Setup Drillthrough pages cho detail views

✅ Publish reports lên Power BI Service

✅ Config Row-Level Security (RLS) cho data access

✅ Scheduled Refresh + Alerts + Mobile layout

Thời gian: 40 phút | Độ khó: Intermediate-Advanced | Tool: Power BI Desktop + Service

Task 0

📖 Bảng Thuật Ngữ Quan Trọng

TB5 min

Thuật ngữ	Tiếng Việt	Mô tả
Drillthrough	Khoan sâu	Right-click → navigate to detail page
Q&A Visual	Hỏi & Đáp	Natural language query → auto chart
Power BI Service	Dịch vụ PBI	Cloud platform: share, refresh, alerts
Dashboard (Service)	Bảng điều khiển	Single page, pinned tiles from reports
RLS	Row-Level Security	Giới hạn data per user role
Gateway	Cổng kết nối	Bridge on-premise data → cloud
Scheduled Refresh	Làm mới tự động	Auto-refresh data theo schedule
Tooltip Page	Trang tooltip	Rich mini-viz khi hover
Cross-Report Drillthrough	Khoan qua báo cáo	Navigate giữa reports
Alert	Cảnh báo	Notification khi KPI vượt threshold

Checkpoint

Drillthrough = right-click → detail page. RLS = data access per role. Service = cloud: share + refresh. Dashboard (Service) = single page, pinned tiles. Phân biệt Dashboard vs Report chưa?

Task 1

📄 1. Multi-Page Reports

TB5 min

1.1 Page Structure

Ví dụ

1📄 Page 1: Executive Overview
2   - KPI cards, Revenue trend, Top categories, Map
3 
4📄 Page 2: Sales Detail
5   - Product table, Channel breakdown, Waterfall
6 
7📄 Page 3: Customer Analysis
8   - Segments, Retention, CLV
9 
10📄 Page 4: Hidden - Drillthrough Detail
11   - Individual product/customer detail

1.2 Page Navigation

Ví dụ

1Insert → Buttons → Navigator:
2- Page navigator: Auto tab bar
3- Bookmark navigator: Switch views
4- Style: Horizontal bar, active highlighted

1.3 Tooltip Pages

Ví dụ

11. New Page → Page Information: Allow use as tooltip = ON
22. Size: 320x240px
33. Design mini-visualization
44. Main visual → Format → Tooltip → Page = tooltip page
5→ Hover shows rich tooltip!

Tooltip Pages = mini dashboard khi hover! Tạo page nhỏ (320x240), design mini chart, assign cho visual chính. Users hover → thấy context ngay!

Checkpoint

Multi-page: Overview → Detail → Drillthrough structure. Navigator = auto tab bar. Tooltip Pages = rich hover với mini-viz (320x240). Mỗi page có 1 purpose!

Task 2

🔎 2. Drillthrough & Cross-Filtering

TB5 min

2.1 Setup Drillthrough

Ví dụ

11. Create Drillthrough page
22. Add field to "Drillthrough" well: Products[ProductName]
33. Design detail visuals
44. Back button auto-added (KEEP IT!)
5 
6Usage: Right-click product → Drillthrough → Product Detail

2.2 Cross-Report Drillthrough

Ví dụ

1Drillthrough page → Format → Cross-report: ON
2→ Other reports can drillthrough to this page!

2.3 Cross-Filtering vs Cross-Highlighting

Interaction	Behavior
Cross-Highlight	Dims non-related data (default)
Cross-Filter	Hides non-related data

Ví dụ

1Format → Edit interactions → Choose Filter/Highlight/None per visual

Checkpoint

Drillthrough: add field to Drillthrough well → right-click → navigate. Cross-Report: ON cho navigate giữa reports. Edit Interactions = control filter vs highlight behavior!

Task 3

❓ 3. Q&A Natural Language

TB5 min

3.1 Setup

Ví dụ

1Insert → Q&A visual
2User types: "total sales by region last quarter"
3→ Power BI auto-generates visualization!

3.2 Improve Q&A

Ví dụ

1Modeling → Q&A Setup:
21. Teach synonyms: "revenue" = Total Revenue
32. Suggest questions: "What are top 5 products?"
43. Review & fix terms

Q&A cho phép stakeholders hỏi bằng natural language — không cần biết DAX! Setup synonyms và suggested questions để Q&A chính xác hơn.

Checkpoint

Q&A = natural language → auto visualization. Teach synonyms cho accuracy. Suggest questions guide users. Great cho non-technical stakeholders!

Task 4

📤 4. Publishing & Sharing

TB5 min

4.1 Publish to Service

Ví dụ

1Home → Publish → Select workspace → Upload .pbix
2→ Open at app.powerbi.com

4.2 Dashboard vs Report (Service)

	Dashboard	Report
Pages	Single page	Multiple pages
Source	Pinned tiles	Dataset
Interact	Click → go to report	Full filtering
Purpose	At-a-glance overview	Detailed analysis

4.3 Sharing Options

Method	Who	Control
Share	Specific people	Read-only
Workspace	Team members	Edit/read
App	Large audience	Curated package
Publish to web	Public	No security!
Embed	Website	API/iframe

Publish to Web = hoàn toàn public, không có security! Chỉ dùng cho data không nhạy cảm. Cho internal data, dùng Share hoặc App.

Checkpoint

Publish: Desktop → Service. Dashboard = 1 page (pinned tiles). Report = multi-page (full interact). Share (specific people), App (large audience), Embed (website)!

Task 5

🔒 5. Row-Level Security

TB5 min

5.1 What is RLS?

RLS giới hạn data user thấy dựa trên role:

Sales Manager Vietnam → Chỉ thấy Vietnam data
CEO → Thấy tất cả

5.2 Setup Static RLS

Ví dụ

1Modeling → Manage Roles:
21. Create role: "Vietnam Team"
32. Table: Sales, Filter: [Region] = "Vietnam"

5.3 Dynamic RLS

dax

1// Data filter based on logged-in user
2[SalesPersonEmail] = USERPRINCIPALNAME()

5.4 Test RLS

Ví dụ

1Modeling → View as → Select role → Verify correct data

Checkpoint

RLS = data access per role. Static: hardcode region filter. Dynamic: USERPRINCIPALNAME() match user email. Always test với View As trước khi publish!

Task 6

🔄 6. Scheduled Refresh & Alerts

TB5 min

6.1 Gateway Setup

On-premise data → Install Power BI Gateway
Cloud data (SharePoint, SQL Azure) → Direct, no gateway

6.2 Refresh Schedule

Ví dụ

1Service → Dataset → Settings → Scheduled refresh:
2- Frequency: Daily / Hourly
3- Max: 8/day (Pro), 48/day (Premium)

6.3 Alerts

Ví dụ

1Dashboard tile → Manage alerts:
2- Condition: Revenue < 50M
3- Frequency: Once/hour or Once/day
4- Notification: Email + mobile push

6.4 Mobile Layout

Ví dụ

1View → Mobile layout → Drag visuals to phone canvas
2- KPI cards at top, 1-2 key charts, simplified nav

Checkpoint

Gateway cho on-premise data. Scheduled Refresh: 8/day (Pro). Alerts = notifications khi KPI vượt threshold. Mobile layout = responsive cho phone!

Task 7

📋 Tổng kết

TB5 min

Kiến thức đã học

Chủ đề	Nội dung chính	Tầm quan trọng
Multi-page	Page structure, Navigator, Tooltip pages	Architecture
Drillthrough	Detail pages, Cross-report, Edit interactions	Navigation
Q&A	Natural language, Synonyms, Suggestions	Accessibility
Publishing	Service, Dashboard vs Report, Sharing	Deployment
RLS	Static/Dynamic roles, USERPRINCIPALNAME	Security
Operations	Refresh schedule, Alerts, Mobile view	Production

Câu hỏi tự kiểm tra

Report khác Dashboard trong Power BI thế nào?
Drillthrough dùng trong trường hợp nào?
RLS (Row-Level Security) setup thế nào?
Q&A feature cần training synonyms tại sao?

Bài tiếp theo: Portfolio Projects — Dự án tổng kết: xây dashboard hoàn chỉnh!

🎉 Tuyệt vời! Bạn đã biết cách deploy Power BI dashboards cho production!

Nhớ: RLS + Refresh + Alerts = dashboard sẵn sàng cho doanh nghiệp. Bảo mật luôn là ưu tiên số 1!

Task 8